Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) encountered an obstacle during the engine development test of the semi-cryogenic engine. The first hot test on an intermediate configuration of the engine was conducted at the ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC) in Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu on July 1. However, the test had to be terminated due to an unexpected increase in turbine pressure, leading to a loss of turbine speed.
The objective of the test was to validate the performance of critical subsystems, including the gas generator, turbo pumps, pre-burner, and control components. The test involved a short-duration hot-firing of 4.5 seconds, focusing on igniting and generating hot gas within the pre-burner chamber to power the main turbine responsible for fuel and oxidizer pumps.
Unfortunately, at 2.0 seconds into the test, an unforeseen surge in turbine pressure occurred, resulting in a loss of turbine speed. As a precautionary measure, the test was terminated. ISRO is currently conducting further analysis to understand the cause of the issue before proceeding with longer-duration hot tests.
The semi-cryogenic engine being developed by ISRO utilizes a propellant blend of liquid oxygen and kerosene. The engine development initiative includes the Propellant Hardware Testing Activity (PHTA), and the recent test at IPRC marked the inaugural hardware trial for this initiative. The dedicated test facility at IPRC, specifically established for testing semi-cryogenic engines and stages, was utilized for the test.
ISRO had initiated the PHTA testing in May at the newly established facility. The setback encountered during the recent engine development test highlights the challenges and complexities involved in the development of advanced rocket engines. It is a part of the iterative process where unexpected issues can arise, leading to necessary adjustments and improvements in the engine design and development process. ISRO’s engineers and scientists will continue their efforts to resolve the encountered obstacle and make progress in the development of the semi-cryogenic engine for future launch vehicles’ booster stages.
