Fatty liver disease, often referred to as the ‘silent epidemic’, is a condition that can silently affect many individuals without exhibiting obvious symptoms in the initial stages. However, as the condition progresses, physical signs begin to manifest, and it becomes essential to recognize these indicators for timely intervention. Dr. Balakrishna S, Consultant in Gastrointestinal Surgery at Manipal Hospital, Millers Road, Bengaluru, sheds light on the physical signs, including swelling, that may indicate fatty liver disease.
Dr. Balakrishna explains, “Fatty liver disease is a clinical condition characterized by excess fat deposition in the liver cells, known as hepatic steatosis, and can lead to liver cirrhosis and non-reversible liver damage as it progresses.” He emphasizes the importance of recognizing these symptoms as signs of disease progression to address them appropriately before the condition worsens.
According to a study published by Clinical Liver Disease (CLD), Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is prevalent among 9%-53% of the general population in India.
Body Parts That Can Swell Due To Fatty Liver Disease:
- Ascites or Abdomen Swelling: Ascites, or abdomen swelling, is a common symptom of fatty liver disease. The affected individual may experience fullness in the abdomen and discomfort. This condition arises due to the declining functional ability of the liver, which struggles to produce adequate proteins vital for regulating fluid balance, resulting in fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity and ascites.
- Peripheral Edema: As fatty liver disease progresses, there is an increased risk of portal hypertension and decreased albumin production. Both of these conditions can disturb circulation and fluid balance in the lower extremities, leading to peripheral edema or swelling in the hands, legs, and ankles. Edema is characterized by swelling caused due to fluid accumulation.
- Gynecomastia: Fatty liver disease may lead to the enlargement of breast tissue in males, a condition known as gynecomastia.
Other Signs Indicative of Fatty Liver Disease:
- Jaundice: Excessive fat deposit disrupts liver function, leading to inflammation, scarring, and impaired bilirubin processing. This results in jaundice, characterized by yellowing of the skin, sclera (white part of the eye), and other mucous membranes. Jaundice indicates disease progression and requires immediate medical attention.
- Unintentional Weight Loss or Gain: Fatty liver disease can affect metabolism, leading to loss of appetite or malabsorption of nutrients, resulting in unintentional weight loss or gain.
- Mental Confusion and Impaired Memory: Severe cases of fatty liver disease can lead to hepatic encephalopathy, where harmful endotoxins accumulate in the bloodstream due to the liver’s decreased detoxification capacity. This can cause mental confusion, forgetfulness, and difficulty concentrating.
- Constant Fatigue and Weakness: Individuals with fatty liver disease often complain of constant fatigue and weakness, which may be associated with impaired metabolic functions and decreased energy production in the liver.
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only. If you notice any symptoms, it is essential to consult with your healthcare specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment.
