The kidneys are remarkable organs responsible for crucial functions like filtration and waste elimination. However, disruptions in their delicate balance can lead to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), a sudden and rapid decline in kidney function. This condition is a serious medical concern with potentially far-reaching consequences. Dr. Mohit Khirbat, Senior Consultant Nephrologist at CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram, sheds light on the factors that can contribute to AKI.
Key Factors Leading to Acute Kidney Injury AKI, formerly known as acute renal failure, involves a sudden and potentially reversible deterioration in kidney function. This decline is often measured through elevated creatinine levels or reduced urine volume.
Dehydration Dr. Khirbat emphasizes that causes like dehydration, whether due to nausea, vomiting, or heatstroke, can lead to AKI. The kidneys are pivotal in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. Dehydration reduces blood volume flowing to the kidneys, affecting their functionality.
Blood Loss Dr. Khirbat points out that sudden and significant blood loss, as seen in road accidents, trauma, surgical procedures, or childbirth, can result in AKI. Severe blood loss can lead to hypovolemia, a decreased blood volume, affecting kidney function.
Medications Certain medications, including painkillers, antibiotics like aminoglycosides, and radiocontrast agents used in medical imaging, can damage kidney tissues or interfere with blood supply, potentially causing AKI.
Severe Infections Dr. Khirbat highlights that severe infections can trigger AKI, particularly if they lead to multi-organ dysfunction and low blood pressure. Systemic inflammation due to infection can impact kidney function, causing AKI.
Urinary Problems Obstruction in urine outflow, often due to kidney stones, can lead to AKI. Disruptions in the urinary system’s waste elimination process can adversely affect kidney function.
Underlying Health Conditions Pre-existing conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease increase the risk of AKI. These conditions can impair blood vessel function, affecting blood flow to the kidneys.
Surgery and Medical Procedures Surgical stress, blood loss, and exposure to contrast dyes during complex surgeries can stress the kidneys and contribute to AKI.
Age and Frailty Elderly individuals and those with compromised immune systems are more susceptible to AKI due to age-related changes in kidney function and reduced physiological reserves.
In Conclusion AKI is a serious condition that can result from various factors. Understanding these triggers and seeking timely medical attention is essential. This information, provided by a registered healthcare professional, serves as a valuable resource to enhance awareness and promote proactive care.
[Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only. Consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment tailored to your health needs.]
