While oral hygiene undoubtedly plays a crucial role in maintaining gum health, it’s essential to recognize that other factors can contribute to gum disease. Soreness, pain, and inflammation in the gums could indicate an infection, and several factors may be responsible for it. Dr. Ekta Khatri, a Prosthodontist and Implantologist, sheds light on the various causes of gum disease.
Understanding Gum Disease And Its Indicators Dr. Khatri explains that infected gums may appear red, swollen, and bleed during brushing or flossing, indicating gingivitis. Left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, where bacteria affect the bone and cause receding gums. Advanced periodontitis leads to severe gum inflammation and bone loss, resulting in loose and sore gums.
Contributing Factors To Gum Disease
- Smoking and Tobacco Usage: Smoking and tobacco use can alter oral microflora and weaken the inflammatory response. Nicotine released in the bloodstream can slow the healing process, making smokers three times more likely to develop severe periodontal disease.
- Poor Nutrition: An unbalanced diet with excessive sugary, starchy, and acidic foods can impact both teeth and gums. Nutrient and vitamin deficiencies, especially vitamin C, are associated with gum diseases.
- Medications: Certain drugs, including anticonvulsants and immunosuppressants, can disrupt the oral environment. Some medications prescribed post-organ transplant can lead to gum disease by altering salivary production.
- Genetics: Genetic factors influencing the body’s inflammatory response can make some individuals more susceptible to gum infections. Studies on twins have established a genetic link to periodontal measurements.
Maintaining Strong Gums
Dr. Khatri emphasizes that an individual’s medical status plays a crucial role in gum health. Hormonal changes during pregnancy and menopause, as well as medical conditions like HIV, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases, can increase the risk of gum diseases. To ensure strong and healthy gums:
- Brush and floss twice daily.
- Regularly visit the dentist, especially if you have certain habits or medical conditions.
- Follow a balanced diet rich in nutrients and probiotics.
- Stay hydrated.
- Manage underlying medical conditions effectively.
Conclusion
Gum disease is a serious condition that can lead to inflammation, infection, and even tooth loss if not addressed promptly. While proper oral hygiene is vital, understanding the diverse causes of gum disease is equally important. Regular dental check-ups, adopting a balanced diet, and managing medical conditions are key to preventing and managing gum disease. Early intervention can make a significant difference in maintaining healthy gums and overall oral well-being.
