In a prevailing misconception, diabetes is often considered an affliction reserved for adults and the elderly. However, the reality paints a different picture, with an alarming rise in diabetes cases among children and teenagers. Dr. Ruchira Pahare, a seasoned Consultant Pediatrician at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital in Indore, delves into the world of pediatric diabetes, attributing the surge to poor lifestyles and inadequate diets.
Understanding Diabetes in Children: Diabetes, a condition characterized by the insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas, is a significant concern for children. The absence or reduction of insulin production disrupts the regulation of blood sugar levels, leading to a state of hyperglycemia. The two primary types of diabetes, Type 1 and Type 2, manifest differently in children.
Type 1 Diabetes: Formerly known as Juvenile or insulin-dependent diabetes, Type 1 diabetes is predominant among children. In this form, insulin production ceases, necessitating insulin injections or pumps to manage the deficiency effectively.
Type 2 Diabetes: While traditionally associated with adults, Type 2 diabetes is on the rise in children due to a surge in childhood obesity. This type occurs when the body cannot effectively use insulin. Recognizing the symptoms is critical, as children may display increased hunger and thirst, frequent urination or bedwetting, weight loss, dry mouth, behavioral changes, increased susceptibility to infections, and delayed wound healing.
Addressing the Challenge: Although the exact cause of diabetes in children remains unknown, factors such as genetics, the immune system, and environmental influences are believed to play a role. Managing the disease involves regular insulin injections or pumps for Type 1 diabetes, while Type 2 diabetes can be addressed with oral medication. Prevention is key, with a focus on cultivating a healthy diet and encouraging regular exercise.
Dr. Pahare’s insights highlight the urgency of recognizing diabetes in children and the pivotal role lifestyle and diet play in its emergence. Creating awareness and implementing preventative measures are essential to curb the increasing prevalence of diabetes among the younger population.
