Kidney stones are a common condition that can cause significant pain and discomfort. However, there are several misconceptions surrounding their prevention and treatment. Dr. Shakir Tabrez, a Senior Consultant in Urology and Robotic Surgery, provides valuable insights by debunking common myths and presenting five essential facts about kidney stones.
Myth 1: Restricting calcium intake, such as avoiding milk in the diet, will prevent kidney stone formation.
Fact: Including calcium in your diet is actually beneficial in preventing kidney stone formation. Contrary to popular belief, restricting calcium intake can have negative consequences such as bone demineralization and increased absorption of oxalate, which can contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Therefore, it is advisable to consume milk and milk products in moderate amounts to maintain a healthy level of calcium and reduce the risk of developing kidney stones.
Myth 2: Kidney stones always accompany back pain.
Fact: Kidney stones that are located inside the kidney typically do not cause pain. However, when these stones obstruct the flow of urine by blocking the ureter, it leads to a buildup of pressure in the kidney, resulting in swelling. This is when individuals commonly experience severe pain along with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, blood in the urine, and a burning sensation during urination. It’s important to note that the presence of these symptoms could indicate a blockage caused by kidney stones and should be evaluated by a medical professional.
Myth 3: Barley water and cranberry juice will flush out kidney stones.
Fact: While cranberry juice is commonly recommended to prevent urinary tract infections, it does not have a direct impact on kidney stones. Similarly, there is no specific evidence supporting the use of barley water for the prevention or clearance of kidney stones. It is generally advised to maintain a daily fluid intake of 2.5 to 3 liters, regardless of the type of fluids consumed. This helps in flushing out the kidneys and reducing the concentration of substances that contribute to stone formation. Lemon juice and citrus beverages, which contain citrate that can help minimize stone formation, are often recommended for individuals prone to kidney stones.
Myth 4: Medicines can dissolve most, if not all, kidney stones.
Fact: Medications can be effective in preventing the formation of certain types of kidney stones or dissolving them in a small percentage of patients. This approach primarily works for stones composed of uric acid or cystine. However, it’s important to note that the majority of kidney stones are made up of calcium oxalate or phosphate, which cannot be dissolved with medication. If the stones are small in size, they may be able to pass naturally through the urinary system. However, larger stones often require medical intervention to remove them.
Myth 5: Patients with kidney stones should not eat tomatoes.
Fact: If your blood potassium levels are high, it may be advisable to limit your consumption of tomatoes. However, in general, tomatoes and other seeded vegetables can be enjoyed in regular quantities without any concerns. It’s important to maintain a constant and steady intake of fluids to help prevent the formation of kidney stones. Drinking an adequate amount of fluids is key to keeping the kidneys flushed and reducing the concentration of stone-forming salts.
Understanding the truth about kidney stones is crucial for proper prevention and management. By debunking common myths and providing accurate information, individuals can make informed decisions about their dietary choices, fluid intake, and seek appropriate medical advice when necessary. Remember, consulting a healthcare professional is essential for personalized guidance and treatment options related to kidney stones.
